From Light Fixture Replacement · Step 6 of 13 · Video by fordummies

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Once you've confirmed the wires are safe, begin disconnecting the old fixture's wiring. Typically, wires are connected using plastic wire nuts or occasionally electrical tape. Carefully twist and remove the wire nuts (or peel off the tape) from the black (hot) wire, the white (neutral) wire, and if present, the green or bare copper (ground) wire. Discard the old fixture once all wires are detached.
Goal: Separate the old fixture's wiring from the house's electrical system.
This project provides step-by-step instructions on how to safely replace an existing ceiling light fixture with a new one. It covers crucial safety precautions like turning off power and testing wires, disconnecting the old fixture, connecting the new wiring, and finally mounting the new fixture and restoring power.
Observe how the existing fixture is wired. Typically, there will be three sets of wires: one from the ceiling to the fixture (hot), one from the ceiling to the fixture (neutral), and one from the ceiling to the fixture (ground). Usually, these are connected with wire nuts. Unscrew the wire nuts counter-clockwise to separate the wires. If wires are directly connected, you may need to loosen terminal screws.
This project involves safely removing an existing light fixture in a two-story stairwell and installing a new one. Due to the height and electrical work involved, safety precautions are paramount.
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